Qchip Technology



ELEECTRONICS AND BALANCE WITHSTAND AND FOUNDRA


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en-US">
<head>
<title>Android Tutorial - Tutorialspoint</title>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="description" content="Android Tutorial - Android is an open source and Linux-based operating system for mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. Android was developed by the Open Handse"/>
<meta name="keywords" content="C, C++, Python, Java, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, SQL, PHP, jQuery, XML, DOM, Bootstrap, Tutorials, Articles, Programming, training, learning, quiz, preferences, examples, code"/>
<link rel="canonical" href="https://www.tutorialspoint.com/android/index.htm" />
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,user-scalable=yes">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/themes/css/style-min-v1.css?v=2.0.4">
<script src="/themes/js/script-min-v1.js?v=2.0.0"></script>
<script>function printPage() { window.print(); }</script>

<script>var vitag = vitag || {};</script>
<script>vitag.outStreamConfig = { enablePC:false, enableMobile:false};</script>
<script>vitag.smartBannerConfig = { enablePC: false, enableMobile: true, disableHorizontalPosition: "right left middle", disableVerticalPosition: "top middle" };</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="//services.bilsyndication.com/adv1/?q=0a8a90220201327770f6c986bea026a3" defer="" async=""></script>

<script data-cfasync="false" type="text/javascript">(function(w, d) { var s = d.createElement('script'); s.src = '//delivery.adrecover.com/18107/adRecover.js'; s.type = 'text/javascript'; s.async = true; (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s); })(window, document);</script>
<style>
.right-menu .mui-btn {
background-color:#a5c63b;
}
a.demo {
background:#a5c63b;
}
li.heading {
background:#a5c63b;
}
.course-box{background:#a5c63b}
.home-intro-sub p{color:#a5c63b}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<header id="header">
<!-- Top sub-menu Starts Here -->
<div class="mui-appbar mui-container-fulid top-menu">
<div class="mui-container">
<div class="top-menu-item home">
<a href="https://www.tutorialspoint.com/index.htm" target="_blank" title="TutorialsPoint - Home"><i class="fal fa-home"></i> <span>Home</span></a>
</div>
<div class="top-menu-item qa">
<a href="https://www.tutorialspoint.com/about/about_careers.htm" target="_blank" title="Job @ Tutorials Point"><i class="fa fa-suitcase"></i> <span>Jobs</span></a>
</div>
<div class="top-menu-item tools">
<a href="https://www.tutorialspoint.com/online_dev_tools.htm" target="_blank" title="Tools - Online Development and Testing Tools"><i class="fal fa-cogs"></i> <span>Tools</span></a>
</div>
<div class="top-menu-item coding-ground">
<a href="https://www.tutorialspoint.com/codingground.htm" target="_blank" title="Coding Ground - Free Online IDE and Terminal"><i class="fal fa-code"></i> <span>Coding Ground </span></a>
</div>
<div class="top-menu-item current-affairs">
<a href="https://www.tutorialspoint.com/current_affairs.htm" target="_blank" title="Daily Current Affairs"><i class="fal fa-layer-plus"></i> <span>Current Affairs</span></a>
</div>
<div class="top-menu-item upsc-notes">
<a href="https://www.tutorialspoint.com/upsc_ias_exams.htm" target="_blank" title="UPSC IAS Exams Notes - TutorialsPoint"><i class="fal fa-user-tie"></i> <span>UPSC Notes</span></a>
</div>
<div class="top-menu-item online-tutoris">
<a href="https://www.tutorialspoint.com/tutor_connect/index.php" target="_blank" title="Top Online Tutors - Tutor Connect"><i class="fal fa-user"></i> <span>Online Tutors</span></a>
</div>
<div class="top-menu-item whiteboard">
<a href="https://www.tutorialspoint.com/whiteboard.htm" target="_blank" title="Free Online Whiteboard"><i class="fal fa-chalkboard"></i> <span>Whiteboard</span></a>
</div>
<div class="top-menu-item net-meeting">
<a href="https://www.tutorialspoint.com/netmeeting.php" target="_blank" title="A free tool for online video conferencing"><i class="fal fa-chalkboard-teacher"></i> <span>Net Meeting</span></a>
</div>
<div class="top-menu-item articles">
<a href="https://www.tutorix.com" target="_blank" title="Tutorx - The Best Learning App" rel="nofollow"><i class="fal fa-video"></i> <span>Tutorix</span></a>
</div>
<div class="social-menu-item">
<a href="https://www.facebook.com/tutorialspointindia" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-placement="bottom" title="tutorialspoint @ Facebook"><i class="fab fa-facebook-f"></i></a>
<a href="https://www.twitter.com/tutorialspoint" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-placement="bottom" title="tutorialspoint @ Twitter"><i class="fab fa-twitter"></i></a>
<a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/tutorialspoint" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-placement="bottom" title="tutorialspoint @ Linkedin"><i class="fab fa-linkedin-in"></i></a>
<a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCVLbzhxVTiTLiVKeGV7WEBg" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-placement="bottom" title="tutorialspoint YouTube"><i class="fab fa-youtube"></i></a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Top sub-menu Ends Here -->
<!-- Top main-menu Starts Here -->
<div class="mui-appbar mui-container-fulid mui--appbar-line-height mui--z1" id="logo-menu">
<div class="mui-container">
<div class="left-menu">
<a href="https://www.tutorialspoint.com/index.htm" title="Tutorialspoint">
<img class="tp-logo" alt="tutorialspoint" src="/android/images/logo.png">
</a>
<div class="mui-dropdown">
<a class="mui-btn mui-btn--primary categories" data-mui-toggle="dropdown"><i class="fa fa-th-large"></i>
<span>Categories <span class="mui-caret"></span></span></a>
<ul class="mui-dropdown__menu cat-menu">
<li>
<ul>
<li><a href="/academic_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Academic Tutorials</a></li>
<li><a href="/big_data_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Big Data &amp; Analytics </a></li>
<li><a href="/computer_programming_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Computer Programming </a></li>
<li><a href="/computer_science_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Computer Science </a></li>
<li><a href="/database_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Databases </a></li>
<li><a href="/devops_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> DevOps </a></li>
<li><a href="/digital_marketing_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Digital Marketing </a></li>
<li><a href="/engineering_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Engineering Tutorials </a></li>
<li><a href="/upsc_ias_exams.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Exams Syllabus </a></li>
<li><a href="/famous_monuments.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Famous Monuments </a></li>
<li><a href="/gate_exams_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> GATE Exams Tutorials</a></li>
<li><a href="/latest_technologies.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Latest Technologies </a></li>
<li><a href="/machine_learning_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Machine Learning </a></li>
<li><a href="/mainframe_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Mainframe Development </a></li>
<li><a href="/management_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Management Tutorials </a></li>
<li><a href="/maths_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Mathematics Tutorials</a></li>
<li><a href="/microsoft_technologies_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Microsoft Technologies </a></li>
<li><a href="/misc_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Misc tutorials </a></li>
<li><a href="/mobile_development_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Mobile Development </a></li>
<li><a href="/java_technology_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Java Technologies </a></li>
<li><a href="/python_technologies_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Python Technologies </a></li>
<li><a href="/sap_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> SAP Tutorials </a></li>
<li><a href="/scripting_lnaguage_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i>Programming Scripts </a></li>
<li><a href="/selected_reading.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Selected Reading </a></li>
<li><a href="/software_quality_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Software Quality </a></li>
<li><a href="/soft_skill_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Soft Skills </a></li>
<li><a href="/telecom_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Telecom Tutorials </a></li>
<li><a href="/upsc_ias_exams.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> UPSC IAS Exams </a></li>
<li><a href="/web_development_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Web Development </a></li>
<li><a href="/sports_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Sports Tutorials </a></li>
<li><a href="/xml_technologies_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> XML Technologies </a></li>
<li><a href="/multi_language_tutorials.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Multi-Language</a></li>
<li><a href="/questions_and_answers.htm"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i> Interview Questions</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="clear"></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="right-menu">
<div class="toc-toggle">
<a href="javascript:void(0);"><i class="fa fa-bars"></i></a>
</div>
<div class="mobile-search-btn">
<a href="https://www.tutorialspoint.com/search.htm"><i class="fal fa-search"></i></a>
</div>
<div class="search-box">
<form method="get" class="search-form" name="searchform" action="https://www.google.com/search" target="_blank" novalidate="">
<input type="hidden" name="sitesearch" value="www.tutorialspoint.com" class="user-valid valid">
<input class="header-search-box" type="text" id="search-string" name="q" placeholder="Search your favorite tutorials..." onfocus="if (this.value == 'Search your favorite tutorials...') {this.value = '';}" onblur="if (this.value == '') {this.value = 'Search your favorite tutorials...';}" autocomplete="off">
<button><i class="fal fa-search"></i></button>
</form>
</div>
<div class="menu-btn library-btn">
<a href="https://www.tutorialspoint.com/tutorialslibrary.htm"><i class="fal fa-cubes"></i> <span>Library</span></a>
</div>
<div class="menu-btn videos-btn">
<a href="https://www.tutorialspoint.com/videotutorials/index.php"><i class="fal fa-video"></i> <span>Videos</span></a>
</div>
<div class="menu-btn videos-btn">
<a href="https://www.tutorialspoint.com/questions/index.php"><i class="fa fa-location-arrow"></i> <span>Q/A</span></a>
</div>
<div class="menu-btn ebooks-btn">
<a href="https://store.tutorialspoint.com"><i class="fal fa-book"></i> <span>eBooks</span></a>
</div>
<div class="mui-dropdown">
<button class="mui-btn mui-btn--primary mobile-menu" data-mui-toggle="dropdown">
<span class="mui-caret"></span>
</button>
<ul class="mui-dropdown__menu">
<li><a href="https://www.tutorialspoint.com/tutorialslibrary.htm"><i class="fal fa-cubes"></i> <span>Library</span></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.tutorialspoint.com/videotutorials/index.php"><i class="fal fa-video"></i> <span>Videos</span></a></li>
<li><a href="https://store.tutorialspoint.com"><i class="fal fa-book"></i> <span>eBooks</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Top main-menu Ends Here -->
</header>
<div class="mui-container-fluid content">
<div class="mui-container">
<!-- Tutorial ToC Starts Here -->
<div class="mui-col-md-3 tutorial-toc">
<div class="mini-logo">
<img src="/android/images/android-mini-logo.jpg" alt="Android Tutorial" />
</div>
<ul class="toc chapters">
<li><a class="videolink" href="/android_online_training/index.asp" target="_blank"><img src="/android/images/android-video-tutorials.jpg" alt="Android Video Tutorials" /></a></li>
</ul>
<ul class="toc chapters">
<li class="heading">Android Basics</li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/index.htm">Android - Home</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_overview.htm">Android - Overview</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_environment_setup.htm">Android - Environment Setup</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_architecture.htm">Android - Architecture</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_application_components.htm">Android - Application Components</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_hello_world_example.htm">Android - Hello World Example</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_resources.htm">Android - Resources</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_acitivities.htm">Android - Activities</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_services.htm">Android - Services</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_broadcast_receivers.htm">Android - Broadcast Receivers</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_content_providers.htm">Android - Content Providers</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_fragments.htm">Android - Fragments</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_intents_filters.htm">Android - Intents/Filters</a></li>
</ul>
<ul class="toc chapters">
<li class="heading">Android - User Interface</li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_user_interface_layouts.htm">Android - UI Layouts</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_user_interface_controls.htm">Android - UI Controls</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_event_handling.htm">Android - Event Handling</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_styles_and_themes.htm">Android - Styles and Themes</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_custom_components.htm">Android - Custom Components</a></li>
</ul>
<ul class="toc chapters">
<li class="heading">Android Advanced Concepts</li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_drag_and_drop.htm">Android - Drag and Drop</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_notifications.htm">Android - Notifications</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_location_based_services.htm">Location Based Services</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_sending_email.htm">Android - Sending Email</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_sending_sms.htm">Android - Sending SMS</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_phone_calls.htm">Android - Phone Calls</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_publishing_application.htm">Publishing Android Application</a></li>
</ul>
<ul class="toc chapters">
<li class="heading">Android Useful Examples</li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_alert_dialoges.htm">Android - Alert Dialoges</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_animations.htm">Android - Animations</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_audio_capture.htm">Android - Audio Capture</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_audiomanager.htm">Android - AudioManager</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_auto_complete.htm">Android - Auto Complete</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_best_practices.htm">Android - Best Practices</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_bluetooth.htm">Android - Bluetooth</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_camera.htm">Android - Camera</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_clipboard.htm">Android - Clipboard</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_custom_fonts.htm">Android - Custom Fonts</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_data_backup.htm">Android - Data Backup</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_developer_tools.htm">Android - Developer Tools</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_emulator.htm">Android - Emulator</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_facebook_integration.htm">Android - Facebook Integration</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_gestures.htm">Android - Gestures</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_google_maps.htm">Android - Google Maps</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_image_effects.htm">Android - Image Effects</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_imageswitcher.htm">Android - ImageSwitcher</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_internal_storage.htm">Android - Internal Storage</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_jetplayer.htm">Android - JetPlayer</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_json_parser.htm">Android - JSON Parser</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_linkedin_integration.htm">Android - Linkedin Integration</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_loading_spinner.htm">Android - Loading Spinner</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_localization.htm">Android - Localization</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_login_screen.htm">Android - Login Screen</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_mediaplayer.htm">Android - MediaPlayer</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_multitouch.htm">Android - Multitouch</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_navigation.htm">Android - Navigation</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_network_connection.htm">Android - Network Connection</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_nfc_guide.htm">Android - NFC Guide</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_php_mysql.htm">Android - PHP/MySQL</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_progress_circle.htm">Android - Progress Circle</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_progressbar.htm">Android - ProgressBar</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_push_notification.htm">Android - Push Notification</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_renderscript.htm">Android - RenderScript</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_rss_reader.htm">Android - RSS Reader</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_screen_cast.htm">Android - Screen Cast</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_sdk_manager.htm">Android - SDK Manager</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_sensors.htm">Android - Sensors</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_session_management.htm">Android - Session Management</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_shared_preferences.htm">Android - Shared Preferences</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_sip_protocol.htm">Android - SIP Protocol</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_spelling_checker.htm">Android - Spelling Checker</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_sqlite_database.htm">Android - SQLite Database</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_support_library.htm">Android - Support Library</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_testing.htm">Android - Testing</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_text_to_speech.htm">Android - Text to Speech</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_textureview.htm">Android - TextureView</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_twitter_integration.htm">Android - Twitter Integration</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_ui_design.htm">Android - UI Design</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_ui_patterns.htm">Android - UI Patterns</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_ui_testing.htm">Android - UI Testing</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_webview_layout.htm">Android - WebView Layout</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_wi_fi.htm">Android - Wi-Fi</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_widgets.htm">Android - Widgets</a>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_xml_parsers.htm">Android - XML Parsers</a>
</ul>
<ul class="toc chapters">
<li class="heading">Android Useful Resources</li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_questions_answers.htm">Android - Questions and Answers</a></li>
<!--<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_quick_guide.htm">Android - Quick Guide</a></li>-->
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_useful_resources.htm">Android - Useful Resources</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/android/android_discussion.htm">Android - Discussion</a></li>
</ul>
<ul class="toc reading">
<li class="sreading">Selected Reading</li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/upsc_ias_exams.htm">UPSC IAS Exams Notes</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/developers_best_practices/index.htm">Developer's Best Practices</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/questions_and_answers.htm">Questions and Answers</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/effective_resume_writing.htm">Effective Resume Writing</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/hr_interview_questions/index.htm">HR Interview Questions</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/computer_glossary.htm">Computer Glossary</a></li>
<li><a target="_top" href="/computer_whoiswho.htm">Who is Who</a></li>
</ul>
<div id="stickyparent">
<div style="height:250px;width:300px;" id="sticky-ad">
<div class="adsbyvli" data-ad-slot="vi_9012177"></div><script>(vitag.Init = window.vitag.Init || []).push(function(){viAPItag.display("vi_9012177")})</script>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Tutorial ToC Ends Here -->
<!-- Tutorial Content Starts Here -->
<div class="mui-col-md-6 tutorial-content">
<div class="cover">
<img class="img-responsive" src="/android/images/android.jpg" alt="Android Tutorial" />
</div>
<h1>Android Tutorial</h1>
<div class="center-aligned tutorial-menu">
<form action="/job_search.php" method="POST">
<input type="hidden" name="search_string" value="Android" />
<button class="tp-btn"><i class="fal fa-file-pdf"></i> <a href="/android/android_pdf_version.htm">PDF Version</a></button>
<button class="tp-btn"><i class="fal fa-external-link"></i> <a href="/android/android_useful_resources.htm">Resources</a></button>
<button type="submit" class="tp-btn"><i class="fal fa-search-dollar"></i> Job Search</button>
<button class="tp-btn"><i class="fal fa-comments"></i> <a href="/android/android_discussion.htm">Discussion</a></button>
</form>
</div>
<p>Android is an open source and Linux-based operating system for mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. Android was developed by the Open Handset Alliance, led by Google, and other companies. This tutorial will teach you basic Android programming and will also take you through some advance concepts related to Android application development.</p>
<h1>Audience</h1>
<p>This tutorial has been prepared for the beginners to help them understand basic Android programming. After completing this tutorial you will find yourself at a moderate level of expertise in Android programming from where you can take yourself to next levels.</p>
<h1>Prerequisites</h1>
<p>Android programming is based on Java programming language so if you have basic understanding on Java programming then it will be a fun to learn Android application development.</p>
<!--<h1>Android Offline Mobile App</h1>
<a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.tutorialspoint.offlineviewer.android" title="Android offline Mobile App" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><img src="/android/images/android-offline.jpg" alt="Android offline Mobile App"/></a>-->
<div class="mui-container-fluid button-borders show" id="bottom_navigation">
<div class="pre-btn">
<a href="/android/index.htm"><i class="fal fa-chevron-circle-left"></i> Previous Page</a>
<a class="hide-on-mobile" href="javascript:printPage();"><i class="fa fa-print"></i> Print Page</a>
</div>
<div class="nxt-btn">
<a href="/android/android_overview.htm">Next Page <i class="fal fa-chevron-circle-right"></i>&nbsp;</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="google-bottom-ads">
<div>Advertisements</div>
<div>
<div id="vi_bottom_ads"></div>
<script>
(function() {
var adPos = document.getElementById('vi_bottom_ads');
var mobile_ad_id = "vi_9017967";
var desktop_ad_id = "vi_9013190";
var ad_id = window.innerWidth <= 768 ? mobile_ad_id : desktop_ad_id;
adPos.innerHTML = '<div class="adsbyvli" data-ad-slot="' + ad_id + '"></div>';
(vitag.displayInit = window.vitag.displayInit || []).push(function () {
viAPItag.display(ad_id);
});
}())
</script>
</div>
<div class="space-bottom"></div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Tutorial Content Ends Here -->
<!-- Right Column Starts Here -->
<div class="mui-col-md-2 google-right-ads">
<div class="space-top"></div>
<div class="google-right-ad" style="margin: 0px auto !important;margin-top:5px;">
<div class="adsbyvli" data-ad-slot="vi_9017966"></div><script>(vitag.Init = window.vitag.Init || []).push(function(){viAPItag.display("vi_9017966")})</script>
</div>
<div class="google-right-ad" style="margin-top:16px;">
<div class="adsbyvli" data-ad-slot="vi_9017967"></div><script>(vitag.Init = window.vitag.Init || []).push(function(){viAPItag.display("vi_9017967")})</script>
</div>
<div class="google-right-ad" style="margin-top:16px;margin-bottom:15px;">
<div class="adsbyvli" data-ad-slot="vi_9013289"></div><script>(vitag.Init = window.vitag.Init || []).push(function(){viAPItag.display("vi_9013289")})</script>
</div>
<div class="space-bottom" style="margin-bottom:15px;"></div>
</div>
<!-- Right Column Ends Here -->
</div>
</div>
<div class="clear"></div>
<footer id="footer">
<div class="mui--text-center">
<div class="mui--text-caption mui--text-light">
<a href="/index.htm" class="logo"><img class="img-responsive" src="/images/logo-black.png" alt="Tutorials Point" title="Tutorials Point"></a>
</div>
<ul class="mui-list--inline mui--text-body2 mui--text-light">
<li><a href="/about/index.htm"><i class="fal fa-globe"></i> About us</a></li>
<li><a href="/about/about_terms_of_use.htm"><i class="fal fa-asterisk"></i> Terms of use</a></li>
<li><a href="/about/about_privacy.htm"> <i class="fal fa-shield-check"></i> Privacy Policy</a></li>
<li><a href="/about/faq.htm"><i class="fal fa-question-circle"></i> FAQ's</a></li>
<li><a href="/about/about_helping.htm"><i class="fal fa-hands-helping"></i> Helping</a></li>
<li><a href="/about/contact_us.htm"><i class="fal fa-map-marker-alt"></i> Contact</a></li>
</ul>
<div class="mui--text-caption mui--text-light bottom-copyright-text">&copy; Copyright 2020. All Rights Reserved.</div>
</div>
<script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-232293-17"></script>
<script>
window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];
function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}
gtag('js', new Date());
gtag('config', 'UA-232293-6');
</script>
</footer>
</body>
</html>